Mass cultivation of various algal species and their evaluation as a potential candidate for lipid production

Microalgae have been proposed as a promising source for biodiesel production. Focusing on algal strains for biodiesel production, efforts should be made to search new strains. Experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of growth parameters (nutrients, pH, light, aeration and temperature) and the oil percentage of eight algal strains (Chlorella sp., Cladophora sp., Hydrodictylium sp., Oedogonium sp., Oscillatoria sp., Spirogyra sp., Stigeocolonium sp., Ulothrix sp.). Results show that 6.5–7.5 is the optimum pH for the growth of all algal species. Temperature showed a greater variation (25°40°C). Ulothrix sp. gave more biomass productivity and is the most suitable strain for biodiesel production due to higher oil percentage (62%). Least biomass production was observed for Stigeocolonium sp. and least oil content was obtained from Hydrodictylium sp. It was observed that among these eight algal strains for biodiesel production, Ulothrix and Chlorella are the most promising algae species.     

顶空-气相色谱法测定B-100生物柴油中游离甲醇含量

建立了顶空-气相色谱测定B-100生物柴油中游离甲醇含量的方法.B-100生物柴油样品使用N,N-二甲基乙酰胺溶解,90℃下顶空平衡45 min,在HP-INNOWAX色谱柱上进行分离和测定.方法建立了外标法定量的标准曲线,相关系数r大于0.999,样品中甲醇质量分数的检出限为0.005%.对实际样品进行检测,相对标准偏差为4.96%~6.83%(n=6),加标回收率为92.0%~110%.方法操作简单、快速、重复性好,适用于B-100生物柴油中游离甲醇含量的测定.     

ICP OES Simultaneous Determination of Ca,Cu, Fe,Mg, Mn,Na, and P in Biodiesel by Axial and Radial Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry

Abstract

A simple and rapid method for the simultaneous determination of seven trace elements in biodiesel by axial and radial view Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP OES) is proposed, in which the sample is emulsified with Triton X-100 and water, and in which yttrium is employed as an internal standard. The better obtained quantification limits (10 s) were by axial view, 0.165, 0.099, 0.033, 0.007, 0.016, 0.132, 0.660 µg g^?1 for Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, and P, respectively, based on a sample mass of 1.0 g diluted to a final mass of 10 g in the analytical solution. Calibration was carried out with aqueous standards, thus avoiding the use of frequently instable organic standards. Elemental recoveries were in the range of 90 to 109% for all seven analytes studied, and also the precision of the method was satisfactory (RSD < 8%).     

两相溶剂萃取黄连木籽油制备生物柴油

以黄连木籽为原料,采用乙醇/异己烷两相不互溶溶剂对其进行萃取处理.考察了乙醇／异己烷体积比、萃取温度和萃取时间对萃取过程的影响.通过实验确定最佳的萃取条件为,黄连木仁粉50 g,乙醇异己烷总体积300 mL,乙醇/异己烷体积比为50∶50,萃取温度40℃,萃取时间30 min.在此条件下,黄连木籽油出油率达到99.5％...     

HPLC-ELSD法测定生物柴油中的游离甘油

采用液液萃取及高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测技术,建立了生物柴油中游离甘油含量的测定方法.待测生物柴油经乙腈-水(75:25)抽提并离心分离后,取部分下层水相进行分析.优化的色谱条件为:色谱柱Inertsil NH2 (250 nun ×4.6 mm,5μm );流动相为乙腈-水(75:25);流速1.0 mL/min;...     

酯交换法制备生物柴油的研究进展

作为一种对环境友好的可再生燃料生物柴油,对解决日益枯竭的石油资源和由石化柴油燃烧带来的环境问题具有重要意义.综述了运用酯交换反应制备生物柴油的几种方法的研究进展,对其优、缺点和研究趋势进行了归纳总结和展望.     

钾霞石固体碱催化豆油酯化反应制备生物柴油

采用共沉淀法制备了钾霞石,用于催化豆油和甲醇酯化反应,在煅烧温度1 200℃,得到单一的钾霞石物相.钾霞石表面多孔,孔径分布为0.2到1.0 μm,有利于反应物分子的内扩散和接触活性位;同时对反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量以及催化剂Li含量进行了系统研究.反应温度120 ℃,醇油摩尔比12:1,反应时间2 min,催化...     

Catalysts derived from waste slag for transesterification

MgO-CaO/SiO2 solid catalysts derived from waste slag (WS) of metal magnesium plant were prepared. The catalytic performances were evaluated in the transesterification of rapeseed oil with methanol to biodiesel in a 500 mL three-necked reactor under atmospheric pressure. The basic strengh of the catalyst reached 22.0 measured by indicators accroding to Hammett scale. The results show that the MgO-CaO/SiO2 is an excellent catalyst for transesterification, and the conversion of rapeseed oil reach 98% under the optimum condition.